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Many corneal diseases are preventable by reducing risk factors. Is it possible to prevent corneal disease? The oil glands' function can be improved with a combination of warm compresses, lid hygiene (for example, dilute baby shampoo lid scrubs), increased intake of omega-3 fatty acids, and in some patients, oral medication. Normally, the oil from these glands coats the eye's surface and prevents tear evaporation. This occurs when the eyelids' oil glands (Meibomian glands) are not functioning well. In other cases, the dryness is due to evaporation of the tears between blinks. In some individuals, dryness is due to lack of tear production, and anti-inflammatory drops such as cyclosporine ( Restasis) or steroids may help. Aside from lubricating the eyes with artificial tears, addressing the underlying cause is important. Cancers of the surface of the eye are managed with surgery or in some cases, topical chemotherapy eyedrops or injections.ĭry eye is common and can result in painful erosions of the corneal surface. They can be removed surgically if they become bothersome. Corneal involvement is often managed with anti-inflammatory eyedrops such as steroids however, steroid-sparing immune-modulating medications are sometimes preferable, particularly when other parts of the body are also involved.Įye problems caused by vitamin A deficiency, which can be seen in patients who have had certain types of bariatric ( weight loss) surgery, can be corrected with supplements.Īllergic eye disease responds well to both topical and oral allergy medication.Ī pterygium is a growth on the cornea's surface this is most commonly seen after chronic sun exposure. Research is under way to develop an artificial cornea for transplantation.Īutoimmune disorders are best treated by addressing the underlying disease. If the condition worsens, an endothelial lamellar keratoplasty (a type of partial thickness transplant surgery) may be indicated. Advanced keratoconus diseases are treated with anterior lamellar keratoplasty or corneal transplant surgery.Ĭhronic swelling from Fuchs' dystrophy or other conditions that damage the cornea's endothelial cells are managed initially with salty eyedrops or ointments that help prevent accumulation of fluid within the cornea. Newer treatments, including corneal crosslinking (riboflavin and ultraviolet-A) and corneal implants, are also options. Keratoconus, in which the cornea can take on a distorted cone shape, is often managed with special contact lenses. Herpetic stromal keratitis is a recurring swelling that develops after a herpes eye infection and is managed with anti-inflammatory steroid eyedrops.Īn abrasion might require temporary patching or a bandage contact lens, depending on the cause and extent of the injury.
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Infections are treated with medicated eyedrops (antibiotics, antivirals, and antiparasitics) and, in some cases, oral medication. Treatments might include medications, laser treatment, or surgery, depending on the condition. Treatment is tailored to the individual disease and the individual patient. What is the treatment for corneal disease? The cornea can also be damaged secondarily by other common eye conditions such as tear film abnormalities ( dry eye), eyelid disorders, glaucoma, and iridocorneal endothelial syndrome (ICE), which may be associated with glaucoma. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a rare but serious inflammatory reaction to a medication or an infection.Keratoconus, or thinning of the cornea following refractive laser surgery.Pterygium or benign or malignant cancerous growths on the eye's surface.Wegener's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, or lupus.
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